科学把握高考中的动词短语_英语论文

　　一、动词短语的概述及分类

　　动词常与其他词类（多是介词和副词）搭配在一起，构成固定词组，称之为动词短语。一般动词短语可分为以下几类：

　　1. 及物动词＋介词

　　这类结构中的介词不能与动词分开，宾语只能放在介词之后。常见短语有：agree with同意……的意见，符合，一致；ask for请求，询问；arrive at／in到达;begin with以……开始;come from来自;feel like想要;fall behind落在……后面;fall off掉下;get to到达;get on上(车) 。

　　【考题例析】

　　If you ___any problems when you arrive at the airport, give me a ring.

　　A. come up with B. set about

　　C. run into D. put aside

　　【解析】答案 C。本题题意为“当你到机场时如果有任何问题，请给我打电话。”come up with 提出，赶上，拿出；set about 开始，着手，散布谣言；run into 遇到；put aside 把……放在一边。

　　2. 动词＋副词

　　这类结构中宾语放在副词之前、之后均可，但如果宾语为人称代词，则必须放在副词之前。如果宾语过长，则应放在副词之后。常见短语有：eat up吃光；find out找出，查明；put off 推迟；look out 当心；come out 出版；go off 走火，熄灭；keep out 使不进入。

　　【考题例析】

　　Before the war broke out, many people ___in safe places possessions they couldn’t take with them.

　　A. threw away B. put away

　　C. gave away D. carried away

　　【解析】 答案 B。本题题意为“在战争爆发之前，许多人把他们不能够带上的财物放在安全的地方。”throw away抛弃，失去；put away把……收起来；give away赠送，放弃；carry away带走，搬去， 冲昏……的头脑。

　　3. 动词＋副词＋介词

　　这类结构中，介词的宾语不能置于介词之前。常见短语有be fed up with厌倦；catch up with赶上；go on with继续；get on with与……相处。

　　【考题例析】

　　The final examination is coming up soon. It’s time for us to ________ our studies.

　　A. get down to B. get out

　　C. get back for D. get over

　　【解析】 答案 A。此题意为“期末考试将至，我们该开始认真学习了。” get down to认真对待，认真考虑；get out出去，泄露；get back for回来，取回，恢复；get over恢复，完成，克服。

　　4. 动词＋名词＋介词

　　常见短语有：take care of照料,照顾；make room for给……腾出地方；make friends with与……交朋友；play a joke on戏弄某人；have a look at看一看；have a drink of喝一点；say goodbye to告别；告辞。

　　【考题例析】

　　Unfortunately, not everyone has realized the important part the balance of nature their daily life.

　　A. plays in B. playing

　　C. plays of D. to play in

　　【解析】 答案 A。本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。解题关键在于识别短语play an important part in……。其中宾语part作先行词，所以定语从句中缺宾语，应用关系代词which /that 引导定语从句，而且可以省略。

　　5. Be动词＋形容词＋介词

　　常见短语有：be late for迟到；be angry with生气；be busy with忙于；be short for是……的简称；be interested in对……感兴趣；be famous for因……而著名；be good at擅长；be different from与……不同；be good／bad for对……有益／害；be friendly to对……友好。

　　【考题例析】

　　The students studied hard. They were ___for knowledge.

　　A. worry B. worried

　　C. eager D. curious

　　【解析】 答案 C。be worried about为……担心； be eager for盼望，渴求；be curious about 对……好奇。根据句意可知答案为C。

　　6. 动词＋反身代词＋介词

　　常见短语有：help oneself to 随便吃……；give oneself to 热心于；occupy oneself with 忙于；enjoy oneself 玩得开心；dressed oneself in 穿着；break oneself to (去掉……的习惯＝get rid of ) ；devote oneself to 专心，致力于，献身；throw oneself to 投身于……。

　　【考题例析】

　　She devoted herself ____ the problems of the teenagers.

　　A. in studying B. at studying

　　C. to study D. to studying

　　【解析】 答案 D。本题考查固定短语devote oneself to 专心，致力于，献身于……，其中to 为介词，所以选D。

　　二、2005高考真题演练

　　1. Before building a house, you will have to ___the government’s permission. (2005 全国卷II)

　　A. get from B. follow

　　C. receive D. ask for

　　2. ---Why does she always ask you for help?

　　---There is no one else____, is there? (2005 北京卷)

　　A. who to turn to B. she can turn to

　　C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn

　　3. If it is quite ____to you, I’ll visit you next Tuesday.(2005天津卷)

　　A. convenient B. fair

　　C. easy D. comfortable

　　4. His idea of having weekly family meals together,which seemed difficult at first, has ____many good changes in their lives. (2005重庆卷)

　　A. got through B. resulted from

　　C. turned into D. brought about

　　5. ---You know, Bob is a little slow____ understanding.

　　---So I have to be patient ___him. (2005重庆卷)

　　A. in ; with B. on ; with

　　C. in ; to D. at ; for

　　6. I couldn’t ____.The line was busy. (2005 浙江卷)

　　A. go by B. go around

　　C. get in D. get through

　　7. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ___his notes. (2005浙江卷)

　　A. bringing up B. referring to

　　C. looking for D. trying on

　　8. The dictionary is being printed and it will soon_____.(2005福建卷)

　　A. turn out B. come out

　　C. start out D. go out

　　9. I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson _____.(2005湖南卷)

　　A. cut in B. cut down

　　C. cut out D. cut up

　　10. Could you please tell me where you bought the shoes you ____yesterday? ( 2005辽宁卷)

　　A. tried on B. put on

　　C. had on D. pulled on

　　【答案与解析】

　　1. 答案 D。ask for one’s permission 征求某人的允许。

　　2. 答案 B。 turn to sb 转向，求助于某人。此句no one 为先行词，she can turn to 为定语从句。

　　3. 答案 A。if it is convenient to you，如果你方便的话。

　　4. 答案 D。 get through度过，完成； result from 由于……的原因；bring about 使发生,引起，导致。

　　5. 答案 A。be patient with sb 为固定短语。意思为：对……很耐心。

　　6. 答案D。go by 时光流逝；get in 收割;get through 通过，度过，完成。此处句意为“打通电话”。

　　7. 答案 B。bring up 抚养长大；refer to 提到，查阅，参考；look for 寻找；try on 试穿。

　　8. 答案 B。turn out 结果是；come out 出来，出版； start out 开始；go out 出去。

　　9. 答案A。 cut in 插嘴; cut down 砍倒; cut out 停止作用; cut up 切碎。

　　10. 答案 C。try on 试穿; put on 穿上； have on 穿着; pull on 匆匆穿上。